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An economic and monetary union is a type of trade bloc which is composed of an economic union (common market and customs union) with a monetary union. It is to be distinguished from a mere monetary union (e.g. the Latin Monetary Union in the 19th century), which does not involve a common market. This is the sixth stage of economic integration. EMU is established through a currency-related trade pact. An intermediate step between pure EMU and a complete economic integration is the fiscal union. ==List of economic and monetary unions== * Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (1999/2002) with the Euro for the Eurozone members of the European Union * ''de facto'' the OECS Eastern Caribbean Currency Union with the East Caribbean dollar in the CSME (2006)〔The states participating in both initiatives are Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.〕 * ''de facto'' Switzerland–Liechtenstein〔Common market in EFTA, Customs union since 1924, informal Currency union since 1920.〕 Additionally the autonomous and dependent territories, such as some of the EU member state special territories, are sometimes treated as separate customs territory from their mainland state or have varying arrangements of formal or de facto customs union, common market and currency union (or combinations thereof) with the mainland and in regards to third countries through the trade pacts signed by the mainland state.〔EU Overseas countries and some other territories participate partially in the EU single market per (part four of the Treaty Establishing the European Community ); Some EU Outermost regions and other territories use the Euro of the currency union, others are part of the customs union; some participate in both unions and some in neither. Territories of the United States, Australian External Territories and Realm of New Zealand territories share the currency and mostly also the market of their respective mainland state, but are generally not part of its customs territory.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「economic and monetary union」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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